Autisme og ADHD kan skyldes forstyrrelser i tarmmikrobiomet

Puff bars kan indeholde ulovlige og skadelige narkotiske stoffer

Autisme og ADHD kan skyldes forstyrrelser i tarmmikrobiomet

Autism and ADHD can be caused by disturbances in the intestinal microbiome

(See the English translation of this newsletter below the Danish newsletter)

Ulovlige e-cigaretter kan gøre unge psykotiske

Puff bars er en type e-cigaretter med tvivlsomt indhold. De har typisk et meget højt indhold af nikotin. I nogle af dem er der fundet syntetisk THC (aktivstof i cannabis). Der er også fundet puff bars med andre narkostiske stoffer som amfetamin, fentanyl (stærkere end morfin) og ketamin (bedøvelsesmiddel der giver hallucinationer). Disse narkotiske stoffer kan bl.a. forårsage psykose, hjerneskade og i værste fald døden.

I MMK kender vi flere eksempler på, at stofmisbrugere er blevet psykotiske af deres stoffer og efterfølgende er blevet tvangsindlagt i psykiatrien, hvor de er blevet tvangsbehandlet med skadelige psykofarmaka, der har forværret deres tilstand yderligere. Det er meget foruroligende at så mange som 10% af de 15–17årige har røget puff bars. Der må advares kraftigt mod at ryge puff bars. Der er nu indført forbud mod puff bars i Danmark, men de findes stadig i mange andre lande, og der er risiko for, at de bliver indsmuglet ulovligt.

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Autisme og ADHD kan skyldes forstyrrelser i tarmmikrobiomet

Et større svensk studie, der omfattede 16.440 børn, har vist en klar sammenhæng mellem forstyrrelser af tarmmikrobiomet og mentale problemer som ADHD og autisme. Hos børn, der blev behandlet med penicillin tre eller flere gange inden for de første fem leveår blev følgende observeret:

3,89 gange flere tilfælde af taleproblemer
3,27 gange flere tilfælde af ADHD
2,44 gange flere tilfælde intellektuelle vanskeligheder

Behandling med penicillin i alderen 1 – 2,5 år forøgede forekomsten af autisme med 1,6 gange. Behandling med andre typer antibiotika forøgede forekomsten af autisme 1,5 gange.

Mellemørebetændelse er en af de sygdomme hos børn, der ofte behandles med penicillin, og studiet viser også klar sammenhæng mellem mellemørebetændelser og udvikling af mentale problemer.

Virkningen af kemikalier blev også undersøgt i studiet. Rygning under graviditet medførte:

3,31 gange øget forekomst af ADHD
3,72 gange øget forekomst af autisme

Jo mere forældrene røg, jo større var risikoen for autisme og ADHD.

Ved brug af smertestillende medicin under graviditet blev der observeret:

1,41 gange øget forekomst af ADHD
1,46 gange øget forekomst af autisme

Også alvorlige begivenheder i barndommen såsom skilsmisse eller dødsfald i familien øgede forekomsten af mentale lidelser.

Tarmmikrobiomet (mikroorganismer i tarmsystemet) blev undersøgt hos 1748 børn i studiet. Her fandt forskerne signifikante afvigelser hos børn med mentale lidelser. Antibiotika som f.eks. penicillin kan gøre alvorlig skade på tarmmikrobiomet. Kosttilskud med gavnlige tarmbakterier tilfører kun nogle få af de mange hundrede forskellige mikroorganismer i tarmsystemet. Effekten af disse tilskud er tvivlsom. Derimod kan det være effektivt at overføre tarmmikrobiom fra raske mennesker til mennesker med ikke-optimalt tarmmikrobiom. Dette er blevet gjort i et forsøg med autistiske børn, og denne behandling medførte reducering af autismen.

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Newletter in English

Illegal e-cigarettes can make youth psychotic

Puff bars are a type of e-cigarettes with questionable ingredients. They typically have a very high content of nicotine. In some of them has been found synthetic THC (active ingredient in cannabis). There has also been found puff bars with other narcotic substances such as amphetamine, fentanyl (stronger than morfine) and ketamine (an anaesthetic causing hallucinations). These narcotic substances may cause psychosis, brain damage and in worst case death.

In CCHR we know of several examples of substance abusers, who became psychotic from their drugs and then were locked up in psychiatric institutions, where they were given harmful psychiatric drugs against their will, which worsened their condition. It is alarming that as many as 10% of 15 – 17 year old youth have smoked puff bars. It is something to warn against. Puff bars are now illegal in Denmark, but they are still available in many other contries, and there is a risk, that they are being brought into Denmark illegally.

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Autism and ADHD can be caused by disturbances in the intestinal microbiome

A large Swedish study of 16,440 children has shown a clear connection between disturbances in the intestinal microbiome and mental problems such as ADHD and autism. In children, who were treated with penicillum three or more times in the first five years of their life, the following was observed:

3.89 times more cases of speech disorder
3.27 times more cases of ADHD
2.44 times more cases of intellectual disability

Treatment with penicillum in the age 1 – 2.5 years increased the occurence of autism 1.6 times. Treatment with other types of antibiotics increased the occurrence of autism 1.5 times.

Middle ear infection (otitis) is one of the illnesses in children, that is often treated with penicillum, and the study shows a clear connection between middle ear infection and development of mental problems.

The effect of chemicals was also looked into in the study. Smoking during pregnancy resulted in:

3.31 times more cases of ADHD
3.72 times more cases of autism

The more the parents smoked, the greater was the risk for development of autism and ADHD.

With use of painkillers during pregnancy the following was observed:

1.41 times more cases of ADHD
1.46 times more cases of autism

Also serious events in childhood such as divorce og death in the family increased the occurrence of mental illnesses.

The intestinal microbiome (microorganisms in the intestines) was analysed in 1748 children in the study. Here the researchers found significant abnormalities in children with mental illnesses. Antibiotics such as penicillum can cause severe harm to the intestinal microbiome. Supplements with beneficial intestinal bacteria only supply a few of the many hundreds of different microorganisms in the intestines. The effect of such supplements is questionable. What can be effective is transfer of intestinal microbiome from healthy people to people with non-optimum intestinal microbiome. This has been done in a trial with autistic children, and this treatment resultet in a reduction of the autism.

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